Important Notice: (注意事項) 英文本源自中華人民共和國務院法制局編譯，中國法制出版社出版的《中華人民共和國涉外法規匯編》(1991年7月版)。當發生歧意時，應以法律法規頒布單位發布的中文原文為準。

    This English document is coming from the LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS(1991.7) which is compiled by the Bureau of Legislative Affairs of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China Legal System Publishing House. In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

    Whole Document (法規全文)

    LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON IMPORT AND EXPORT COMMODITY INSPECTION

    (Adopted at the Sixth Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress on February 21, 1989, promulgated by Order No. 14 of the President of the People's Republic of China on February 21, 1989, and effective as of August 1, 1989)

    Contents

    Chapter I General Provisions

    Chapter II Inspection of Import Commodities

    Chapter III Inspection of Export Commodities

    Chapter IV Supervision and Administration

    Chapter V Legal Responsibility

    Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

    Chapter I General Provisions

    Article 1

    This Law is enacted with a view to strengthening the inspection of import and export commodities, ensuring the quality of import and export commodities, protecting the lawful rights and interests of the parties involved in foreign trade, and promoting the smooth development of China's economic and trade relations with foreign countries.

    Article 2

    The State Council shall establish an Administration for Import and Export Commodity Inspection (hereinafter referred to as the State Administration　for Commodity Inspection), which shall be in charge of the inspection of import and export commodities throughout the country. The local import and export commodity inspection authorities (hereinafter referred to as the commodity inspection authorities) set up by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection shall be responsible for the inspection of import and export commodities within areas under their jurisdiction.

    Article 3

    The commodity inspection authorities and other inspection organizations designated by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodity inspection authorities shall, in accordance with the law, perform the inspection of import and export commodities.

    Article 4

    The State Administration for Commodity Inspection shall, in the light of the needs in the development of foreign trade, make, adjust and publish a List of Import and Export Commodities Subject to Inspection by the Commodity Inspection Authorities (hereinafter referred to as the List of Commodities).

    Article 5

    Import and export commodities which are included in the List of Commodities and import and export commodities subject to inspection by the commodity inspection authorities under other laws or administrative rules and regulations must be inspected by the commodity inspection authorities　or inspection organizations designated by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection or the commodity inspection authorities. No permission shall be granted for the sale or use of import commodities specified in the preceding paragraph until they have undergone inspection; and no permission shall be granted for the export of export commodities specified in the preceding paragraph until they have been found to be up to standard through inspection. Import and export commodities specified in the first paragraph of this Article may be exempted from inspection upon the examination and approval of an application from the consignee or consignor by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection.

    Article 6

    Inspection on import and export commodities performed by the commodity inspection authorities shall cover quality, specifications, quantity, weight, packing and the requirements for safety and hygiene. Import and export commodities governed by compulsory standards or other inspection standards which must be complied with as provided for by laws or administrative rules and regulations shall be inspected in accordance with such inspection standards; in the absence of such stipulations, import and export commodities shall be inspected in accordance with the inspection standards agreed upon in the foreign trade contracts.

    Article 7

    Import and export commodities or items subject to inspection by other inspection organizations under laws or administrative rules and regulations shall be inspected in accordance with the provisions of relevant laws or administrative rules and regulations.

    Article 8

    The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodity inspection authorities shall collect information on the inspection of import and export commodities and make it available to the relevant circles.

    Chapter II Inspection of Import Commodities

    Article 9

    For import commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignee must register them with the commodity inspection authorities located at the port of discharge or the station of arrival. Import commodities which are included in the List of Commodities shall be checked and released by the Customs upon presentation of the seal of the commodity inspection authorities affixed to the Customs declaration.

    Article 10

    For import commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignee shall apply to the same authorities for inspection in places and within the time limit specified by them. The commodity inspection authorities shall accomplish the procedures for inspection and issue an inspection certificate within the period of validity of claims prescribed in a foreign trade contract.

    Article 11

    If import commodities other than those which are subject to inspection by the commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law are found to be not up to the quality standard, damaged or short on weight or quantity, the consignee shall apply to the commodity inspection authorities for inspection and the issuance of an inspection certificate if such a certificate is necessary for claiming compensation.

    Article 12

    For important import commodities and a complete set of equipment in large size, the consignee shall, in accordance with the terms agreed upon in a foreign trade contract, conduct initial inspection or initial supervision over manufacturing or loading in the exporting country before shipment, while the relevant competent departments shall strengthen their supervision. The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary, dispatch inspection personnel to take part in such inspection and supervision.

    Chapter III Inspection of Export Commodities

    Article 13

    For export commodities which are subject to inspection by the commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law, the consignor shall apply to the same authorities for inspection in the places and within the time limit specified by them. The commodity inspection authorities shall accomplish the procedures for inspection and issue a certificate without delaying the prescribed time for shipment. Export commodities which are included in the List of Commodities shall be checked and released by the Customs upon presentation of the inspection certificate or the paper for release issued by the commodity inspection authorities or the seal of the same authorities affixed to the Customs declaration.

    Article 14

    Export commodities which have been inspected and passed by the commodity inspection authorities and for which an inspection certificate or a paper for release has been issued by the same authorities shall be declared for export and shipped out of the country within the time limit specified by the same authorities. Failing to meet the time limit shall entail reapplication for inspection.

    Article 15

    An enterprise manufacturing packagings for dangerous export goods must apply to the commodity inspection authorities for a test of the performance of such packagings. An enterprise producing dangerous export goods must apply to the same authorities for a test of the use of packagings. No permission shall be granted for the export of dangerous goods kept in packagings which have not passed a test.

    Article 16

    For vessel holds or containers used for carrying perishable foods, the carrier or the organization using the containers shall apply for inspection before loading. No permission shall be granted for loading and shipment until the relevant conditions are passed by the inspectors.

    Chapter IV Supervision and Administration

    Article 17

    The commodity inspection authorities may make a random inspection of import and export commodities beyond those subject to inspection by the commodity inspection authorities in accordance with this Law. No permission shall be granted for the export of export commodities found to be substandard in a random inspection.

    Article 18

    The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary, assign inspection personnel to manufacturers of export commodities which are included in the List of Commodities to take part in supervision over the quality inspection of export commodities before they leave the factory.

    Article 19

    The commodity inspection authorities may undertake the quality certification of import and export commodities on the basis of agreements signed between the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the foreign bodies concerned or upon entrustment by the foreign bodies concerned. They may permit the use of quality certification marks on import and export commodities which have been given quality certification.

    Article 20

    The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodity inspection authorities shall, on the basis of the requirements in their inspection, entrust competent inspection organizations at home and abroad with the inspection of import and export commodities after examining their qualifications.

    Article 21

    The State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the Commodity inspection authorities shall exercise supervision over the import and export commodity inspection conducted by the inspection organizations designated or approved by them and may make a random inspection of the commodities which have been inspected by such organization.

    Article 22 The State shall, when necessary, institute a quality licence system for important import and export commodities and their manufacturers. The specific measures thereof shall be drawn up by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection in conjunction with the relevant competent departments under the State Council.

    Article 23

    The commodity inspection authorities may, when necessary, place commodity inspection marks or sealings on import and export commodities proved to be up to standard through inspection.

    Article 24

    In case an applicant for the inspection of import and export commodities disagrees with the results of inspection presented by the commodity inspection authorities, he may apply for reinspection to the same authorities, to those at the next higher level or to the State Administration for Commodity Inspection. The conclusion on reinspection shall be made by the commodity inspection authorities or the State Administration for Commodity Inspection which has accepted the application for reinspection.

    Article 25

    The commodity inspection authorities, the inspection organizations designated by them and other inspection organizations approved by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection may handle the business of superintending and surveying import and export commodities as entrusted by parties involved in foreign trade or by foreign inspection bodies. The scope of business of superintending and surveying import and export commodities shall cover: inspection of the quality, quantity, weight and packing of import and export commodities; inspection of cargoes with respect to general or particular average; inspection of container cargoes; damage survey of import cargoes; inspection of technical conditions for the shipment of exports; measurement of dead tonnage; certification of the origin or value of exports and other superintending and surveying services.

    Chapter V Legal Responsibility

    Article 26

    Anyone who, in violation of the relevant provisions of this Law, purposely markets or uses import commodities which are included in the List of Commodities or subject to inspection by the commodity inspection authorities in accordance with other laws or administrative rules and regulations without having such commodities inspected, or purposely exports export commodities which are included in the List of Commodities or subject to inspection by the commodity inspection authorities in accordance with other laws or administrative rules and regulations without having such commodities inspected and proved up to standard shall be fined by the commodity inspection authorities. If the circumstances are serious and cause heavy economic losses, the criminal responsibility of the personnel directly responsible shall be investigated by applying mutatis mutandis the provisions of Article 187 of the Criminal Law. Anyone who, in violation of the provisions of Article 17 of this Law, purposely exports export commodities which have been found　substandard during a random inspection by the commodity inspection authorities, shall be punished in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

    Article 27

    If the falsifying or remaking of the certificates or documents, seals or stamps, marks, sealings or quality certification marks for commodity inspection constitutes a crime, the criminal responsibility of the personnel directly responsible shall be investigated by applying mutatis mutandis the provisions of Article 167 of the Criminal Law; if the circumstances are minor, the offender shall be fined by the commodity inspection authorities.

    Article 28

    If a party refuses to accept the punishment decision of the commodity inspection authorities, he may, within 30 days of receiving the notice on the punishment, apply for reconsideration to the same authorities which have made the punishment decision, to those at the next higher level or to the State Administration for Commodity Inspection. If the party refuses to accept the decision on the reconsideration, he may, within 30 days of receiving the notice on the reconsideration decision, bring a suit nor complies with the punishment decision within the prescribed time limit, the commodity inspection authorities which have made the punishment decision shall apply to a court of law for compulsory execution.

    Article 29

    Any functionary of the State Administration for Commodity Inspection or of the commodity inspection authorities or any of the inspection personnel of the inspection organizations designated by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and the commodity inspection authorities who abuses his power, commits irregularities for the benefit of his relatives or friends, falsifies inspection results or fails to conduct inspection and issue a certificate within the time limit through dereliction shall, depending on the seriousness of the circumstances, be given administrative sanction, or his criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law.

    Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions

    Article 30

    The commodity inspection authorities and other inspection organizations shall collect fees according to relevant provisions for carrying out inspection or performing superintending and surveying services in accordance with the provisions of this Law. The procedures for collecting fees shall be drawn up by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection in conjunction with the competent departments under the State Council.

    Article 31

    Rules for the implementation of this Law shall be formulated by the State Administration for Commodity Inspection and shall come into force after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.

    Article 32

    This Law shall come into force as of August 1, 1989. The Regulations of the People's Republic of China on the Inspection of Import and Export Commodities promulgated by the State Council on January 28, 1984 shall be invalidated as of the same date.

《中華人民共和國進出口商品檢驗法》已由中華人民共和國第七屆全國人民代表大會常務委員會第六次會議于1989年2月21日通過，現予公布，自1989年8月1日起施行。

中華人民共和國主席 楊尚昆
1989年2月21日

    第一章 總 則

    第二章 進口商品的檢驗

    第三章 出口商品的檢驗

    第四章 監督管理

    第五章 法律責任

    第六章 附 則

    第一章 總 則

    第一條 為了加強進出口商品檢驗工作，保證進出口商品的質量，維護對外貿易有關各方的合法權益，促進對外經濟貿易關系的順利發展，制定本法。

    第二條 國務院設立進出口商品檢驗部門（以下簡稱國家商檢部門），主管全國進出口商品檢驗工作。國家商檢部門設在各地的進出口商品檢驗機構（以下簡稱商檢機構）管理所轄地區的進出口商品檢驗工作。

    第三條 商檢機構和國家商檢部門、商檢機構指定的檢驗機構，依法對進出口商品實施檢驗。

    第四條 國家商檢部門根據對外貿易發展的需要，制定、調整并公布《商檢機構實施檢驗的進出口商品種類表》（以下簡稱《種類表》）。

    第五條列入《種類表》的進出口商品和其他法律、行政法規規定須經商檢機構檢驗的進出口商品，必須經過商檢機構或者國家商檢部門、商檢機構指定的檢驗機構檢驗。前款規定的進口商品未經檢驗的，不準銷售、使用；前款規定的出口商品未經檢驗合格的，不準出口。本條第一款規定的進出口商品，經收貨人、發貨人申請，國家商檢部門審查批準，可以免予檢驗。

    第六條商檢機構實施進出口商品檢驗的內容，包括商品的質量、規格、數量、重量、包裝以及是否符合安全、衛生要求。法律、行政法規規定有強制性標準或者其他必須執行的檢驗標準的進出口商品，依照法律、行政法規規定的檢驗標準檢驗；法律、行政法規未規定有強制性標準或者其他必須執行的檢驗標準的，依照對外貿易合同約定的檢驗標準檢驗。

    第七條 法律、行政法規規定由其他檢驗機構實施檢驗的進出口商品或者檢驗項目，依照有關法律、行政法規的規定辦理。

    第八條 國家商檢部門和商檢機構應當收集和向有關方面提供進出口商品檢驗方面的信息。

    第二章 進口商品的檢驗

    第九條 本法規定必須經商檢機構檢驗的進口商品的收貨人，必須向卸貨口岸或者到達站的商檢機構辦理進口商品登記。對列入《種類表》的進口商品，海關憑商檢機構在報關單上加蓋的印章驗放。

    第十條 本法規定必須經商檢機構檢驗的進口商品的收貨人，應當在商檢機構規定的地點和期限內，向商檢機構報驗。商檢機構應當在對外貿易合同約定的索賠期限內檢驗完畢，并出具證明。

    第十一條 本法規定必須經商檢機構檢驗的進口商品以外的進口商品的收貨人，發現進口商品質量不合格或者殘損短缺，需要由商檢機構出證索賠的，應當向商檢機構申請檢驗出證。

    第十二條 對重要的進口商品和大型的成套設備，收貨人應當依據對外貿易合同約定在出口國裝運前進行預檢驗、監造或者監裝，主官部門應當加強監督；商檢機構根據需要可以派出檢驗人員參加。

    第三章 出口商品的檢驗

    第十三條 本法規定必須經商檢機構檢驗的出口商品的發貨人，應當在商檢機構規定的地點和期限內，向商檢機構報驗。商檢機構應當在不延誤裝運的期限內檢驗完畢，并出具證明。對列入《種類表》的出口商品，海關憑商檢機構簽發的檢驗證書、放行單或者在報關單上加蓋的印章驗放。

    第十四條 經商檢機構檢驗合格發給檢驗證書或者放行單的出口商品，應當在商檢機構規定的期限內報運出口；超過期限的，應當重新報驗。

    第十五條 為出口危險貨物生產包裝容器的企業，必須申請商檢機構進行包裝容器的性能鑒定。生產出口危險貨物的企業，必須申請商檢機構進行包裝容器的使用鑒定。使用未經鑒定合格的包裝容器的危險貨物，不準出口。

    第十六條 對裝運出口易腐爛變質食品的船艙和集裝箱，承運人或者裝箱單位必須在裝貨前申請檢驗。未經檢驗合格的，不準裝運。

    第四章 監督管理

    第十七條 商檢機構對本法規定必須經商檢機構檢驗的進出口商品以外的進出口商品，可以抽查檢驗。出口商品經抽查檢驗不合格的，不準出口。

    第十八條 商檢機構根據檢驗工作的需要，可以向列入《種類表》的出口商品的生產企業派出檢驗人員，參與監督出口商品出廠前的質量檢驗工作。

    第十九條 商檢機構可以根據國家商檢部門同外國有關機構簽訂的協議或者接受外國有關機構的委托進行進出口商品質量認證工作，準許在認證合格的進出口商品上使用質量認證標志。

    第二十條 國家商檢部門和商檢機構根據檢驗工作的需要，通過考核，認可符合條件的國內外檢驗機構承擔委托的進出口商品檢驗工作。

    第二十一條 國家商檢部門和商檢機構對其指定或者認可的檢驗機構的進出口商品檢驗工作進行監督，可以對其檢驗的商品抽查檢驗。

    第二十二條 國家根據需要，對重要的進出口商品及其生產企業實行質量許可制度，具體辦法由國家商檢部門會同國務院有關主管部門制定。

    第二十三條 商檢機構根據需要，對檢驗合格的進出口商品，可以加施商檢標志或者封識。

    第二十四條 進出口商品的報驗人對商檢機構作出的檢驗結果有異議的，可以向原商檢機構或者其上級商檢機構以至國家商檢部門申請復驗，由受理復驗的商檢機構或者國家商檢部門作出復驗結論。

    第二十五條商檢機構和其指定的檢驗機構以及經國家商檢部門批準的其他檢驗機構，可以接受對外貿易關系人或者外國檢驗機構的委托，辦理進出口商品鑒定業務。進出口商品鑒定業務的范圍包括：進出口商品的質量、數量、重量、包裝鑒定，海損鑒定，集裝箱檢驗，進口商品的殘損鑒定，出口商品的裝運技術條件鑒定、貨載衡量、產地證明、價值證明以及其他業務。

    第五章 法律責任

    第二十六條違反本法規定，對列入《種類表》的和其他法律、行政法規規定必須經商檢機構檢驗的進口商品未報經檢驗而擅自銷售或者使用的，對列入《種類表》的和其他法律、行政法規規定必須經商檢機構檢驗的出口商品未報經檢驗合格而擅自出口的，由商檢機構處以罰款；情節嚴重，造成重大經濟損失的，對直接責任人員比照刑法第一百八十七條的規定追究刑事責任。違反本法第十七條的規定，對經商檢機構抽查檢驗不合格的出口商品擅自出口的，依照前款的規定處罰。

    第二十七條 偽造、變造商檢單證、印章、標志、封識、質量認證標志，構成犯罪的，對直接責任人員比照刑法第一百六十七條的規定追究刑事責任；情節輕微的，由商檢機構處以罰款。

    第二十八條當事人對商檢機構的處罰決定不服的，可以自收到處罰通知之日起三十天內，向作出處罰決定的商檢機構或者其上級商檢機構或者國家商檢部門申請復議；對復議決定不服的，可以自收到復議決定書之日起三十天內，向法院起訴。當事人逾期不申請復議或者不起訴又拒不履行的，由作出處罰決定的商檢機構申請法院強制執行。

    第二十九條 國家商檢部門、商檢機構的工作人員和國家商檢部門、商檢機構指定的檢驗機構的檢驗人員，濫用職權，徇私舞弊，偽造檢驗結果的，或者玩忽職守，延誤檢驗出證的，根據情節輕重，給予行政處分或者依法追究刑事責任。

    第六章 附 則

    第三十條 商檢機構和其他檢驗機構依照本法的規定實施檢驗和辦理鑒定業務，依照規定收費。收費辦法由國家商檢部門會同國務院有關主管部門制定。

    第三十一條 國家商檢部門根據本法制定實施辦法，報國務院批準后施行。

    第三十二條 本法自１９８９年８月１日起施行。１９８４年１月２８日國務院發布的《中華人民共和國進出口商品檢驗條例》同時廢止。

    附：刑法有關條文

    第一百八十七條 國家工作人員由于玩忽職守，致使公共財產、國家和人民利益遭受重大損失的，處五年以下有期徒刑或者拘役。

    第一百六十七條 偽造、變造或者盜竊、搶奪、毀滅國家機關、企業、事業單位、人民團體的公文、證件、印章的，處三年以下有期徒刑、拘役、管制或者剝奪政治權利；情節嚴重的，處三年以上十年以下有期徒刑。