例一:floating
It is not surprising, then, that the world saw a return to a floating exchange rate system. Central banks were no longer required to support their own currencies
Floating policy is of great importance for export trade; it is, in fact, a convenient method of insuring goods where a number of similar export transactions are intended, e.g. where the insured has to supply an overseas importer under an exclusive sales agreement or maintains sales representatives or subsidiary companies abroad.
譯文:在這種情況下,世界各國又恢復浮動匯率就不足為奇了。各國中央銀行也就無須維持本幣的匯價了。
統保單對出口貿易至關重要。它實際上是貨物保險中的一種便利的辦法,特別適合于分不同的時間出口的一批類似貨物,如,當被保險方根據獨家代理協議書向國外的進口方供貨,或在國外委任了銷售代表,設立分支機構時用之。
注解:floating 在上述兩個句中的意思完全不一樣,floating exchange rate 意為“浮動匯率”,即可自由浮動,完全受市場力量決定的匯率制度。而 floating policy 則指用以承保多批次貨運的一種持續性長期保險憑證,常譯為“統保單”。
例二:confirm
We'd like to inform you that our counter sample will be sent to you by DHL by the end of this week and please confirm it ASAP so that we can start our mass production.
Payment will be made by 100% confirmed, irrevocable Letter of Credit available by sight draft。
譯文:很高興通知您,我們的回樣將于本周末用特快專遞給您,請盡快確認,以便我們開始大批生產。付款方式為1O0% 即期,保兌,不可撤消信用證。
注解:confirmed 一詞在這兩句話的意思也不一樣。在第一個句子中,confirm 的意思是“確認”。在第二個句子中,confirmed L/C 應翻譯為“保兌信用證”,即指一家銀行所開的由另一家銀行保證兌付的一種銀行信用證。
例三:negotiable
Part time barman required.Hours and salary negotiable.
This Bill of Lading is issued in a negotiable form, so it shall constitute title to the goods and the holder, by endorsement of this B/L.
譯文:招聘兼職酒店保安,工作時間和薪水面議。所簽發的提單可為轉讓的,故只要在提單上背書, 便確定了貨物和持票人的所有權。
注解:在第一句話中,negotiable 的意思是“可商議的”,在第二句話中的意思則是“可轉讓的”,“可轉讓提單”經過背書后即可將所有權轉讓給他人,值得注意的是,negotiating bank 則是議付銀行,即購買或貼現匯票的銀行。
例四:discount
You may get a 5% discount if your order is on a regular basis.
If a seller extends credit to a time draft, they have made a trade acceptance.The seller can request that the bank finance the transaction by buying the draft.The bank is said to discount the draft.
譯文:如果你方定期給我方下定單,你方便可得到 5% 的折扣。如賣方開出的是遠期匯票,以此向買方提供信用,此時就做了一筆商業匯票承兌業務,賣方可以請銀行買下商業承兌匯票,銀行用這個辦法對出口商融資,也就是說,銀行對該匯票貼現了。
注解:discount 在這兩句話中的意思一個是折扣,另一個是貼現。折扣是指商品在原價的基礎上按百分比降價,貼現則是指未到期的票據向銀行融資,銀行扣取自買進日至到期日的利息,并收取一定的手續費后,將余下的票面金額付給持票人。
例五:endorse
Our products have been endorsed by the National Quality Inspection Association.
Draft must be accompanied by full set original on board marine Bill off Lading made out to order,endorsed in blank,marked freight prepaid.
譯文:我們的產品為全國質量檢查協會的推薦產品。匯票必須附有全套印有“貨物收訖”字樣的正本海運提單,憑指示、空白背書,并寫明“運費已付”。
注解:在第一個句子中,“推薦”是指用過某種產品后感到滿意,并通過媒體介紹給公眾。而第二句中的“空白背書明是指背書人 (endorser) 只在票據背面簽上自己的名字,而不注明特定的被背書人 (endorsee)。
例六:average
If a particular cargo Is partially damaged,the damage is called particular average.It's obvious that the products are below the average quality.
譯文:如果某批貨是部分受損,我們稱之為“單獨海損”。很明顯,這批產品的品質是中下水平。
注解:在第一個句子中,particular average 的意思是“單獨海損”,是指在保險業中由于海上事故所導致的部分損失, 因此 average 一詞的意思是損失或損壞,而第二句中的 average 為“平均”之意。
例七:tender
Under CIF, it is the seller's obligation to tender the relative documents to the buyer to enable him to obtain delivery of the goods. If they arrive, or to recover for the loss, if they are lost on the voyage.
He became as exhilarated as if his tender for building a mansion had been accepted.
譯文:在 CIF 價格術語項下,賣方的責任是向買方遞交有關單證,使其能在貨物到達后提取貨物;如果貨物運輸途中丟失了,買方也可憑單證去獲取補償。他欣喜若狂,好象他承辦大廈建筑的投標被接受了。
注解:商務英語中的重要條款用詞非常正規,在第一句話中,tender 是用作動詞,相當于 give。而在第二句中,tender 是用作名詞,意思是“投標”。